2023年12月13日 星期三

Enterprise Mitigations



ID

Name

Description

M1036

Account Use Policies

Configure features related to account use like login attempt lockouts, specific login times, etc.

M1015

Active Directory Configuration

Configure Active Directory to prevent use of certain techniques; use SID Filtering, etc.

M1049

Antivirus/Antimalware

Use signatures or heuristics to detect malicious software.

M1013

Application Developer Guidance

This mitigation describes any guidance or training given to developers of applications to avoid introducing security weaknesses that an adversary may be able to take advantage of.

M1048

Application Isolation and Sandboxing

Restrict execution of code to a virtual environment on or in transit to an endpoint system.

M1047

Audit

Perform audits or scans of systems, permissions, insecure software, insecure configurations, etc. to identify potential weaknesses.

M1040

Behavior Prevention on Endpoint

Use capabilities to prevent suspicious behavior patterns from occurring on endpoint systems. This could include suspicious process, file, API call, etc. behavior.

M1046

Boot Integrity

Use secure methods to boot a system and verify the integrity of the operating system and loading mechanisms.

M1045

Code Signing

Enforce binary and application integrity with digital signature verification to prevent untrusted code from executing.

M1043

Credential Access Protection

Use capabilities to prevent successful credential access by adversaries; including blocking forms of credential dumping.

M1053

Data Backup

Take and store data backups from end user systems and critical servers. Ensure backup and storage systems are hardened and kept separate from the corporate network to prevent compromise.

M1057

Data Loss Prevention

Use a data loss prevention (DLP) strategy to categorize sensitive data, identify data formats indicative of personal identifiable information (PII), and restrict exfiltration of sensitive data.

M1042

Disable or Remove Feature or Program

Remove or deny access to unnecessary and potentially vulnerable software to prevent abuse by adversaries.

M1055

Do Not Mitigate

This category is to associate techniques that mitigation might increase risk of compromise and therefore mitigation is not recommended.

M1041

Encrypt Sensitive Information

Protect sensitive information with strong encryption.

M1039

Environment Variable Permissions

Prevent modification of environment variables by unauthorized users and groups.

M1038

Execution Prevention

Block execution of code on a system through application control, and/or script blocking.

M1050

Exploit Protection

Use capabilities to detect and block conditions that may lead to or be indicative of a software exploit occurring.

M1037

Filter Network Traffic

Use network appliances to filter ingress or egress traffic and perform protocol-based filtering. Configure software on endpoints to filter network traffic.

M1035

Limit Access to Resource Over Network

Prevent access to file shares, remote access to systems, unnecessary services. Mechanisms to limit access may include use of network concentrators, RDP gateways, etc.

M1034

Limit Hardware Installation

Block users or groups from installing or using unapproved hardware on systems, including USB devices.

M1033

Limit Software Installation

Block users or groups from installing unapproved software.

M1032

Multi-factor Authentication

Use two or more pieces of evidence to authenticate to a system; such as username and password in addition to a token from a physical smart card or token generator.

M1031

Network Intrusion Prevention

Use intrusion detection signatures to block traffic at network boundaries.

M1030

Network Segmentation

Architect sections of the network to isolate critical systems, functions, or resources. Use physical and logical segmentation to prevent access to potentially sensitive systems and information. Use a DMZ to contain any internet-facing services that should not be exposed from the internal network. Configure separate virtual private cloud (VPC) instances to isolate critical cloud systems.

M1028

Operating System Configuration

Make configuration changes related to the operating system or a common feature of the operating system that result in system hardening against techniques.

M1027

Password Policies

Set and enforce secure password policies for accounts.

M1056

Pre-compromise

This category is used for any applicable mitigation activities that apply to techniques occurring before an adversary gains Initial Access, such as Reconnaissance and Resource Development techniques.

M1026

Privileged Account Management

Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to privileged accounts, including SYSTEM and root.

M1025

Privileged Process Integrity

Protect processes with high privileges that can be used to interact with critical system components through use of protected process light, anti-process injection defenses, or other process integrity enforcement measures.

M1029

Remote Data Storage

Use remote security log and sensitive file storage where access can be controlled better to prevent exposure of intrusion detection log data or sensitive information.

M1022

Restrict File and Directory Permissions

Restrict access by setting directory and file permissions that are not specific to users or privileged accounts.

M1044

Restrict Library Loading

Prevent abuse of library loading mechanisms in the operating system and software to load untrusted code by configuring appropriate library loading mechanisms and investigating potential vulnerable software.

M1024

Restrict Registry Permissions

Restrict the ability to modify certain hives or keys in the Windows Registry.

M1021

Restrict Web-Based Content

Restrict use of certain websites, block downloads/attachments, block Javascript, restrict browser extensions, etc.

M1054

Software Configuration

Implement configuration changes to software (other than the operating system) to mitigate security risks associated to how the software operates.

M1020

SSL/TLS Inspection

Break and inspect SSL/TLS sessions to look at encrypted web traffic for adversary activity.

M1019

Threat Intelligence Program

A threat intelligence program helps an organization generate their own threat intelligence information and track trends to inform defensive priorities to mitigate risk.

M1051

Update Software

Perform regular software updates to mitigate exploitation risk.

M1052

User Account Control

Configure Windows User Account Control to mitigate risk of adversaries obtaining elevated process access.

M1018

User Account Management

Manage the creation, modification, use, and permissions associated to user accounts.

M1017

User Training

Train users to be aware of access or manipulation attempts by an adversary to reduce the risk of successful spearphishing, social engineering, and other techniques that involve user interaction.

M1016

Vulnerability Scanning

Vulnerability scanning is used to find potentially exploitable software vulnerabilities to remediate them.




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